![]() ![]() It was a mechanical computer that used punch-cards as input. This calculating machine was also developed by Charles Babbage in 1830. It was a steam driven calculating machine designed to solve tables of numbers like logarithm tables. It was a mechanical computer which could perform simple calculations. In the early 1820s, it was designed by Charles Babbage who is known as "Father of Modern Computer". See the following image Difference Engine It was a digital mechanical calculator which was called the stepped reckoner as instead of gears it was made of fluted drums. He improved Pascal's invention to develop this machine. It was developed by a German mathematician-philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz in 1673. An image of this tool is shown below Stepped Reckoner or Leibnitz wheel A series of windows is given on the top of the wheels to read the totals. When a wheel is rotated one revolution, it rotates the neighboring wheel. It was a wooden box with a series of gears and wheels. ![]() It could only perform addition and subtraction. Pascal invented this machine to help his father, a tax accountant. It is believed that it was the first mechanical and automatic calculator. It was invented between 16 by a French mathematician-philosopher Biaise Pascal. Pascaline is also known as Arithmetic Machine or Adding Machine. It was also the first machine to use the decimal point. So, the tool became known as "Napier's Bones. In this calculating tool, he used 9 different ivory strips or bones marked with numbers to multiply and divide. It was a manually-operated calculating device which was invented by John Napier (1550-1617) of Merchiston. An image of this tool is shown below Napier's Bones Abacus is still used in some countries like China, Russia and Japan. The beads were moved by the abacus operator according to some rules to perform arithmetic calculations. It was a wooden rack which has metal rods with beads mounted on them. It is said that Chinese invented Abacus around 4,000 years ago. The history of computer begins with the birth of abacus which is believed to be the first computer. Some of the popular computing devices starting with the first to recent ones are described below Abacus As human mind and technology improved with time more computing devices were developed. They used sticks, stones and bones as counting tools. Each piece is packaged and delivered with a Certificate verifying its edition number and authenticity.The first counting device was used by the primitive people. This is a limited edition of 888 pieces only. Details are sculpted in high relief and it is shaped to finish of the highest precision. This piece is made in the dimensions of 34x35mm, with 1 oz of 999 Fine Silver, finished in antiqued Silver finishing. Intelligence in the East is practical and never greedy, and this work of art shows this balance perfectly. In this beautiful piece, the intelligence that is represented by the abacus is balanced by the innate wisdom and peace that is symbolized by the dragon. ![]() Intelligence in Eastern cultures is based on wisdom and understanding of the nature of the universe combined with patience. Intelligence in Chinese culture is different than the Western conception of the same ideal. When married together with the Dragon, which stands for wisdom and serenity, this piece delivers the paired concepts of intelligence and peace. The abacus was used for centuries in East Asia to calculate large sums and numbers and to work on mathematical discoveries. It is believed that having an article bearing the dragon on one’s body or in his home, it acts as a personal talisman to ward off evil and bad luck. It represents power, strength, wisdom, and good fortune, and is thought to be the embodiment of the Chinese emperor. The Chinese dragon is a legendary mythical creature that is prominent in Chinese culture and Feng Shui, also known as Chinese geomancy. ![]()
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